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In order to ensure the surface uniformity of laminated guide bars, the surface treatment process is a crucial link. Through scientific and reasonable surface treatment methods, the wear resistance, smoothness and corrosion resistance of the product can be improved, while defects caused by processing problems can be avoided. The following are specific surface treatment strategies and technical methods:
1. Preparation before surface treatment
(1) Substrate cleaning
Removal of impurities: Before surface treatment, the surface of the laminated guide bar must be thoroughly cleaned to remove oil, dust and other impurities.
Method: Use solvent cleaning (such as alcohol, acetone) or ultrasonic cleaning technology.
Surface roughening: Increase the surface roughness through slight grinding or sandblasting to improve the adhesion of subsequent coatings or plating.
(2) Material inspection
Inspect the laminated guide bar for delamination, cracks or other defects. If problems are found, they need to be repaired or unqualified products must be eliminated before surface treatment.
2. Surface treatment methods
(1) Coating technology
Wear-resistant coating:
Use high-hardness materials (such as polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, ceramic coating or tungsten carbide coating) to spray on the surface of the guide rail to improve wear resistance and smoothness.
Method: Use thermal spraying, chemical vapor deposition (CVD) or physical vapor deposition (PVD) technology.
Lubricating coating:
Coat the surface of the guide rail with a low friction coefficient material (such as graphite, molybdenum disulfide MoS₂) to reduce friction and wear.
Method: Achieve uniform coverage through dip coating, spraying or electrophoretic coating.
(2) Plating technology
Electroplating:
Apply a layer of metal (such as nickel, chromium or zinc) to the surface of the guide rail to enhance corrosion resistance and surface hardness.
Method: Control the thickness and uniformity of the coating through an electrolytic process.
Chemical plating:
Use chemical reaction to deposit a metal layer on the surface, suitable for guide rails with complex shapes.
Advantages: No current is required, suitable for non-conductive substrates.
(3) Heat treatment and hardening
Surface hardening:
Through induction heating or laser hardening technology, a hardened layer is formed on the surface of the guide rail to improve wear resistance.
Nitriding treatment:
Nitrogen is infiltrated into the surface of the guide rail at high temperature to form a hard nitride layer to enhance fatigue resistance.
3. Process parameter optimization
(1) Temperature control
During the surface treatment process, the temperature is strictly controlled to avoid material deformation or delamination. For example:
For thermal spraying or heat treatment, it is necessary to set a suitable temperature range according to the material characteristics.
For coating curing, it is necessary to ensure that the temperature is evenly distributed to avoid local overheating or rapid cooling.
(2) Thickness uniformity
Ensure uniform thickness of the coating or plating by adjusting the spraying distance, angle and speed.
Method: Use automated spraying equipment combined with a real-time monitoring system (such as a laser thickness gauge) to detect the coating thickness.
(3) Time and pressure
Control the time and pressure of spraying or plating to avoid excessive accumulation or local loss.
Method: Develop standardized operating procedures and calibrate equipment parameters regularly.
4. Post-processing and quality inspection
(1) Polishing and grinding
After the surface treatment is completed, the guide rail is polished or finely ground to further improve the surface smoothness and uniformity.
Method: Use mechanical polishing, chemical polishing or electrolytic polishing technology.
(2) Quality inspection
Surface roughness test: Use a roughness meter to measure the surface finish to ensure that it meets the design requirements.
Coating adhesion test: Evaluate the adhesion of the coating or plating by the cross-cut method or pull-off method.
Thickness measurement: Use an eddy current thickness gauge or X-ray fluorescence analyzer to detect whether the coating thickness is uniform.
Through scientific design and strict process control, the surface uniformity and overall performance of the laminated guide rail can be significantly improved to meet the application requirements of high efficiency, durability and environmental protection.
